Vomiting refers to emesis (medical terms) and as throwing Up (informally) along with numerous other terms like Heave and puke. Vomiting is a violent act in which the stomach almost turns itself inside out - forcing itself into the lower portion of the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach) during a vomiting episode, expelling food and secretions.

Vomiting differs from regurgitation whereas the other one refers to the expulsion of material from the mouth, pharynx, or esophagus, usually characterized by the presence of undigested food or blood. Regurgitation is used by some species to feed their young one's example Blue-footed Booby, and the honey bee.
Nausea and vomiting are symptoms of a disease or condition. The underlying cause of the illness is causing nausea and vomiting should be identified and treated. Nausea and vomiting symptom control are important both for comfort's sake and to prevent dehydration. Dehydration can worsen nausea and vomiting. Medication may be available to control symptoms of nausea and vomiting.

Causes of Emesis:

Central causes of vomiting are:

A headache: A headache due to a migraine is one of the common cause of vomiting
Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (morning sickness): Vomiting in pregnancy especially common in the first trimester due to hormone level changes in the bloodstream. Pregnancy morning sickness occurs in 50 to 80% of new mom's to be. While the name would imply that this ailment only occurs in the morning, many women find that it can strike at any time of the day.
Nausea and vomiting and bowel impediment: Abdominal pain, distention, nausea and vomiting are symptoms of bowel obstruction. As the small intestine become blocked and don’t allow contents to pass through to the colon. It acts as a dam where food, fluid, and secretions back up, causing the symptoms of an obstruction.
Drug interaction: there are various drugs for many diseases where vomiting and nausea are written as their common side effects:

• Anti-cancer drugs used for chemotherapy
• Narcotic pain medications
• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Steroids
• Increased pressure within the skull: Any illness, discomfort or injury that increases the pressure within the skull can cause vomiting example in tumors and meningitis.

• Lethal stimulus: in many cases certain smells or sounds may initiate the vomiting that originates in the brain. In other cases, certain sights including any emotional shock or pain may also initiate throwing up.
• Illness related to heat: example extreme sunburn, heat exhaustion, or dehydration
• Diabetes: people with diabetes may develop vomiting as well as nausea due to the failing of the stomach to empty itself called gastroparesis.
• Diseases or illness: Many complaints associated with the abdominal organs can produce the symptoms of vomiting. These include 
• Hepatitis
• Kidney problems
• Gallbladder disease
• Pancreatitis
• Some forms of cancer
• Vomiting: An unusual symptom of an additional disease: Some disease will cause nausea and vomiting, even if there isn’t any problem related to stomach or gastrointestinal infection:
• Heart attack
• Lung infections like pneumonia and bronchitis

Signs and Symptoms:

Vomiting or Throwing Up is often accompanied by nausea, stomach cramps and abdominal cramps. The stomach is not able to hold the things (food and secretions) in it and forcefully empties itself.

Adverse effects of the problem:

Excessive vomiting may cause electrolyte imbalances. It may also cause the erosion of the inner cell lining of the oesophagus. In severe cases of vomiting such as in bulimia nervosa, vomiting may lead to the destruction of tooth enamel due to the acidity of vomit.

Preventive measures:

The following tips will help you to prevent yourself from throwing up:
1. Avoid being in places with strong odours and bad smell
2. if your feel like vomiting place a cool cloth on your face or sit in front of a fan
3. divert your mind to something else, like watch TV or listen to music
4. Avoid eating anything if you feel bloated or have a severe stomach ache, rather take a nap to rest your body

Common Anti-emesis medicines:

Some common antiemetic medicines are:

• Emeset
• Vomistop
• Pantaloc
• Pantocid DSR

You can buy anti-emetic drugs online from various online pharmacies at discounted rates.

Myths and facts:

Myth: vomiting causes dehydration
Fact: it is not true as the patient vomits only the contents of the stomach i.e. Food and stomach secretions. Vomit does not contain any body fluids. Hence, the person is not left dehydrated after vomiting.

Myth: vomiting means you have a serious illness
Fact: all vomiting can’t be caused due to some serious illness. Usually it is due to food poisoning or some stomach virus. Except if you vomit blood or bile (green coloured fluid) you need not worry. In any case if you feel unwell visit your doctor immediately.

Diagnosis of Emesis:

One should always consider taking the help of a physician if he /she feel the extreme prominence of the situation and frequent throwing up. A doctor carries out a physical examination and laboratory tests to find out the cause of the situation. The vomiting may be due to many causes as explained before owing to a disease or infection etc.

Treatment for Emesis:

Nausea and vomiting can be treated simultaneously with the search for the causative agent of the situation. Ideally, these symptoms should resolve when the underlying illness is treated and controlled. The situation often becomes worse when the patient becomes dehydrated as nausea makes it difficult to drink fluid, making the dehydration worse, which then increases nausea. Intravenous fluids may be provided to correct this issue and break the cycle.
There is a variety of antiemetic (anti-nausea medications) that may be prescribed which can be administered in different ways depending upon the patient's ability to take them. Medications are available by pill, liquid, or tablets that dissolve on or under the tongue, by intravenous or intramuscular injection, or by rectal suppository.

Common anti-emetics are:

• Promethazine(Phenergan),
• Prochlorperazine (Compazine),
• Droperidol (Inapsine)
• Metoclopramide (Reglan)
• Ondansetron (Zofran) etc.

The dosage prescribed by the doctor may vary according to the severity of the situation and the causal reason behind emesis. Buy these and many other antiemetic medicines online from various pharmacies and that too at cheap rates.

Steps to improve the health:

Some home remedies for nausea or vomiting:
In many cases some home remedies may prove very helpful as in the case of extreme emergency, it is important to rest the stomach and yet avoid dehydration. Clear fluids should be given for the first 24 hours of the illness, and then the diet should be advanced as tolerance increases. Clear fluids are easy for the stomach to absorb, and they include:

• Water
• Sports drinks
• Clear broths
• Important thing to know:

Other things to be kept in mind:

It is important not to take too much fluid at one time since stretching the stomach may cause nausea to worsen. Fluid should be taken every 10-15 minutes. In infants and children, the amount may be as little as 5 or 10 cc's or less than a third of an ounce at a time.
Milk and the milk products should be avoided for the first 2 days during an episode of nausea and vomiting as the enzyme (lactase), that helps to digest the milk is located in cells lining the stomach and intestine. With vomiting, the body can become lactose intolerant relatively. Abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, and diarrhea may even occur.