Osteoporosis

More Information

About osteoporosis:

Osteoporosis is a disease of fragile bones, having an increased chance of fracture. Osteoporosis condition weakens the bones and makes them more susceptible to breakage. The case of osteoporosis occurs when your body is losing too much of bone or making too less of bone mass.

The word 'osteo' means ‘bones’ and 'porosis' means ‘porous’. The osteoporosis condition alters the normal honeycomb like pores in the bones to much bigger holes and spaces that pose potential risks of the bones fractures. 

Causes:        

Osteoporosis has some risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing osteoporosis:

• Gender: women are more likely to have osteoporosis than are men
• Age: the risks of having osteoporosis increases with age
• Family history: there are more chances of you suffering from osteoporosis if either of your parents has experienced a fracture due to fragile bones.
• Hormonal levels: if the sex hormone levels in the body are lower than the normal levels, for example in the case of menopause in women, osteoporosis may occur. 
• Dietary habits like eating very less of calcium through food may also trigger the onset of osteoporosis
• Overactive thyroid gland can also lead to produce more thyroid hormones that can cause too much bone loss
• Certain medications like those used for the conditions like seizures, gastric reflux, transplant rejection and cancer can cause osteoporosis
• Lifestyle choices like sedentary life, no exercise, too much of alcohol consumption and tobacco use may lead to osteoporosis

Symptoms:

Early stages of bone loss do not have any symptoms, but with time the symptoms may start appearing. The common signs of osteoporosis are:

• Gradual loss of height
• A stooped posture
• Back pain or fractured vertebra
• Frequent bone fractures
• Hip fractures

Some fractures due to osteoporosis may escape detection for years. Many people are not able to detect osteoporosis until they get a pain due to fracture. The symptoms are similar in men and women.

Complications and adverse effects:

Many fractures specially the ones associated with hips and spine are some of the serious complications of osteoporosis. The hips fractures can occur due to falls and the disability can occur in the adults if the not taken care of properly. In some cases the serious fractures can cause life threatening problems also.

The spine fractures are probable to occur even without any fracture.  The spine fracture may occur when the joints are of the spine get weakened to such a large amount that it crumples and the persons faces lots of back pain, loss of height and a hunched posture.

Prevention:

There are various ways to make the bones strong so as to avaoid the changes of getting osteoporosis. Here are the three main things one should keep in mind to include in your daily life so as to keep the bones healthy:

• Proper amount of calcium intake- you can include items like soy, canned salmon and sardines with bones, dark green leafy vegetables, cereals and juices
• Having an adequate amount of vitamin-D
• Getting regular exercise

Common medicines

The major purpose of the osteoporosis medicines is to enhance the bone density and decrease the chances of getting any kind of fractures. Here is the list of universal osteoporosis medicines that one choose to avoid any kind of problems of osteoporosis.

Osteofos

Ralista

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Myths and facts:

myth: people with osteoporosis can feel their bones getting weaker

fact: no, as this condition is called a ‘silent disease’ as the patient is unaware of the problem till a bone get fractured or the person starts loosing his height due to one of more broken bones of spines.

myth: if you drink lots of milk then you may be completely free from the fear of having osteoporosis

fact:no, even if you drink lots of milk still you may have chances of getting osteoporosis.

Diagnosis

The diagnostic test is based on the identification of the bone density. It is done through an x-ray test. The x-ray test used to identify the mineral density of the bones uses low levels of x-rays. During the diagnostic test, a person has to lie on a padded table. The doctor then uses an x-ray machine to scan particular parts of the body to check the bones of regions such as hip, wrists, and spine.

Treatment

The type of treatment option to be used depends on the amount of loss caused to the bones. If the risks are not very high, then the treatment might not include heavy medications and the problem can be resolved with the certain changes such as lifestyle and the safety measurements to avoid accidents and fractures.

But in cases with an increased risk of osteoporosis, medications are the only saviour and the most commonly used medications for osteoporosis are:

• Alendronate 
• Risedronate 
• Ibandronate 
• Zoledronic acid, etc. 

If even after consumption of these medicines your body is not able to tolerate the drug, and then your doctor might prescribe the following:

• Denosumab: delivered via shots every six months on the skin, it is a drug that produces better bone density and reduces the chances of all types of fractures.
• Teriparatide: also administered via injection on the skin. This drug can maintain the new bone growth.

Steps to improve health:

The following suggestion might prove helpful in reducing the risk of having a fracture due to osteoporosis:

• Avoid smoking as smoking increases the chances of having a fragile bone fracture and also reduces the bone density
• Reduce the alcohol intake, as the alcohol may decrease the bone formation and also increase the risk of falling
• Avoid falling by wearing flat slippers with grips, use area rugs, instal grabbing bars on the bathroom walls or doors
• Exercise regularly
• Consume a diet rich in Calcium and Vitamin-D

Important things to know

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